Abstract
The charge disproportionation of Mn $3d$ and O $2p$ electronic states was investigated in two $({\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}{)}_{2}{({\mathrm{SrMnO}}_{3})}_{2}$ superlattices using the resonant x-ray scattering technique. The superlattices show significantly different conductivity even with the same composition. The large modulation of the Mn $3d$ electronic state was observed in the insulating sample, however the charge disproportionation and magnetic modulation of O $2p$ were shown in the semiconductive sample. It is suggested that the charge modulation appears in either Mn $3d$ or O $2p$, which is strongly related to strength of the $p\text{\ensuremath{-}}d$ hybridization, which is the main factor determining the electric conductivity in the superlattices.
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