Abstract
The formation of guanine (G)-quadruplex structures in the guanine-rich tandem repeats of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) is linked to transcriptional effects on the insulin gene. Recent studies demonstrate that the ILPR G-quadruplexes can bind to insulin, and while this may impact the transcription of insulin, little is known about the binding mechanism. We have performed single molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence quenching spectroscopy measurements to characterize the binding interaction between G-quadruplex DNA and insulin.
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