Characterization of Textile Dyeing Effluent and Removal Efficiency Assessment of Al2(SO4)3 Coagulant

Abstract

The textile dyeing industry discharges a variety of effluents into nearby surface water bodies, which pose a threat to the environment. The study aimed to characterize the effluents and evaluate the coagulant efficiency of Al2(SO4)3 for the treatment of textile effluent. This investigation deals with studying the parameters affecting coagulation-flocculation (C-F) behavior, such as coagulant dose, reaction time, pH, and temperature, using a jar test apparatus. The analyzed parameters before and after treatment are pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and some anions. The analysis results showed that the textile dyeing effluent was highly alkaline, and parameters like EC, TSS, TDS, COD, BOD, and some anions were found to be higher than the DoE-BD standard guidelines for effluent discharge, indicating that the effluents are loaded with high amounts of organic and inorganic pollutants. The study optimized the process parameters of the coagulation The study optimized the process parameters of the coagulation, which illustrated that the Al2(SO4)3 coagulant potentially reduced pH, EC, TDS, TSS, BOD, and COD from the effluents. The study observed that the highest removal of COD and BOD was 66% and 74% for the samples Ef2 and Ef3, respectively. The highest TSS removal rate was around 90% for Ef3, and almost 80% TDS removal was achieved for all effluents. The results indicated that Al2(SO4)3 showed a better coagulant efficiency for reducing the concentration of several physicochemical parameters in wastewater, and the treated effluent satisfied the DoE-BD standards for discharging wastewater into the public sewage network. Hence, Al2(SO4)3 would be a potential coagulant for treating the textile effluents that help to build a sustainable environment.