Abstract
Sweet corncobs, an agricultural byproduct, undergo limited processing post-harvest. To enhance the utilization of sweet corncobs and amplify their hypoglycemic activity, polysaccharides (SCP) were extracted, purified, and subsequently modified using trivalent chromium ions, resulting in the formation of SCP-Cr(III) with a weight percentage of Cr(III) at 21.99%. The chemical composition and structure of SCP-Cr(III) were analyzed using various techniques, including SEM-EDS, FT-IR, XPS, XRD, AFM, TG, and HPLC. The findings revealed that the binding mode of SCP-Cr(III) involved the formation of Cr–OH and Cr–O bonds with the glycan chains. The major constituents were glucose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose, with molar ratios of 95.66:1.94:0.43:1.31. Furthermore, it was observed that the fundamental structure of SCP-Cr(III) remained unaltered after simulated digestion. In vitro hypoglycemic experiments demonstrated that SCP-Cr(III) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with a mixed pattern predominantly driven by competitive inhibition. These findings suggest that SCP-Cr(III) possesses greater hypoglycemic potential compared to SCP alone. Thus, this study provides a theoretical basis for the application of sweet corncob, an agricultural byproduct from processing, in the development of hypoglycemic functional food products.
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