Abstract
Abstract Anodic polarization measurements were made for SAE Type J409 stainless steel (12% Cr) using deaerated sodium sulfate solutions in which the pH, temperature, and molarity were varied. Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) surface data were obtained to help explain unusual polarization phenomena, such as the extreme sensitivity to pH of the critical anodic current (ic) and the inverse effect of temperature on ic. AES depth profiles were also used to determine the nature and thickness of oxide and hydroxide films formed at critical locations in the active, passive, and prepassive regions on the anodic polarization curve. Results of surface studies showed that the elemental composition of the films at open circuit and at the primary passive potential are virtually identical to each other for a given system, and that film thickness reaches a maximum just beyond the primary passive potential during anodic polarization. Films that were composed initiall...
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