Abstract
A set of Pr3+:LaF3 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via coprecipitation method at three stoichiometric proportions of La(NO3)3, Pr(NO3)3, and NaF (1 : 0.8, 1 : 1, and 1 : 6, respectively). Two ways of mixing of the La(NO3)3, Pr(NO3)3, and NaF solutions (dropwise and swift addition) were used. One sample was subjected to microwave (MW) treatment for 30, 90, and 180 min. All the samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). For all the samples, optical spectroscopy experiments were carried out. The XRD data were analyzed via the Debye-Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods. It was revealed that the way of mixing of the La(NO3)3, Pr(NO3)3, and NaF solutions strongly affects the shape of the NPs. The slow dropwise addition of the NaF solution leads to the plate-like NP (PLNP) formation; otherwise, the swift addition of the NaF solution leads to the formation of more sphere-like NPs (SLNPs). The size and regularity in shape of the NP increase with the increasing stoichiometric proportion of La(NO3)3, Pr(NO3)3, and NaF from 1 : 0.8 to 1 : 6. The size and regularity in shape of the SLNPs increase with the increasing time of MW treatment. The Debye-Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods confirmed the anisotropic shape of the PLNPs. The Williamson-Hall method showed that the values of strain are almost similar for all the samples (around 14∗10-4). Optical spectroscopy experiments revealed that although all the samples have an equal chemical composition, the luminescence lifetimes for different samples differ between each other. The luminescence lifetime of the PLNPs is less than that of the SLNPs having an equal stoichiometric proportion of La(NO3)3, Pr(NO3)3, and NaF. The luminescence lifetime of the 1 : 1 SLNPs increases with the increasing time of MW treatment.
Highlights
Rare-earth-doped fluoride nanomaterials hold a special role among other luminescent nanomaterials because of their excellent magnetic properties [1, 2], photostability [3, 4], long luminescent lifetimes [5], sharp emission bands [6], low toxicity [7], high melting point, and good resistance to thermal and chemical attacks [8]
We focus on studying the physical properties of the Pr3+-doped LaF3 of different size and shape synthesized via coprecipitation method by using different ways of mixing of rare-earth salts and fluorinating agents, varying stoichiometric proportion of rare-earth salts and fluorinating agents, and performing microwave-assisted treatment for chosen samples
The 1 : 0.8 plate-like NP (PLNP), 1 : 1 PLNPs, 1 : 6 PLNPs, 1 : 0.8 sphere-like NPs (SLNPs), 1 : 1 SLNPs, and 1 : 6 SLNPs were synthesized via coprecipitation method
Summary
Rare-earth-doped fluoride nanomaterials hold a special role among other luminescent nanomaterials because of their excellent magnetic properties [1, 2], photostability [3, 4], long luminescent lifetimes [5], sharp emission bands [6], low toxicity [7], high melting point, and good resistance to thermal and chemical attacks [8]. For some cases, NPs synthesized via such method can be characterized by relatively low crystallinity [17], presence of undesirable crystal phase, and broad size distribution and irregularity of NPs shape [18].
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