Abstract
This work presents an investigation on the composition and structure of polysaccharides from the roots of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (THP) and its associated antioxidant activity. It further explores the protective effect of THP on RAW264.7 cells against cytotoxicity induced by H2O2. Ion chromatography (IC) revealed that THP contained glucose, arabinose, mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose and galacturonic acid, in different molar ratios. Furthermore, gel permeation chromatography-refractive index-multiangle laser light scattering (GPC-RI-MALS) was employed to deduce the relative molecular mass (Mw) of the polysaccharide, which was 177.1 ± 1.8 kDa. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Congo red binding assay highlighted that the THP had a steady α-triple helix conformation. Similarly, assays of antioxidant activity disclosed that THP had reasonable concentration-dependent hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging activities, peroxidation inhibition ability and ferrous ion chelating potency, in addition to a significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity. Moreover, THP could protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity by decreasing intracellular ROS levels, reducing catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, increasing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and increment in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Data retrieved from the in vitro models explicitly established the antioxidant capability of polysaccharides from T. hemsleyanum root extracts.
Highlights
Bio-medicinal developments keep unfolding the crucial roles played by free radicals in living organisms
The results showed that the maximum UV–Vis absorption wavelength of sample escalated from 480 nm in H 2O to 486 nm in 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution, which is an obvious indication of the presence of triple-helical assembly in Polysaccharides from the roots of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (THP)
Results from the study showed that the molecular mass of THP was 177.1 kDa and glucuronic acid was the main component of the polysaccharides (31.41%), which indicated that the polysaccharides were acidic polysaccharose
Summary
Bio-medicinal developments keep unfolding the crucial roles played by free radicals in living organisms. The discovery of more natural, safe and effective antioxidants has been a hot topic over the recent years, as they can defend human bodies from free radicals, at the same time. T. hemsleyanum contain various phytochemicals which includes polysaccharides [3], flavonoids [4], lipids [5] and phytosterols [6]. Research in modern pharmacology has indicated that these extracts have some immune-regulatory action [7], antitumor effect [8, 9] and largely antioxidant activity [10]. Advancements in biomedicine have revealed that the pathological pathways of several ailments are attributed by the imbalance of free radical metabolism and lipid peroxidation. In order to balance the oxidative stress, exogenous antioxidants are constantly needed to sustain an adequate level
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