Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
A growing interest has recently emerged in the use of nanomaterials in medical applications. Nanomaterials, such as MXene, have unique properties due to their 2D ultra-thin structure, which is potentially useful in cancer photothermal therapy. To be most effective, photothermal agents need to be internalized by the cancer cells. In this study, MXene was fabricated using chemical reactions and tested as a photothermal agent on MDA-231 breast cancer cells under static and physiological conditions. Fluid shear stress (∼0.1 Dyn/cm2) was applied using a perfusion system to mimic the physiological tumor microenvironment. The uptake of MXene was analyzed under fluid flow compared to static culture using confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, a viability assay was used to assess cell’s survival after exposing the treated cells to photothermal laser at different power densities and durations. We showed that when incubated with cancer cells, 2D MXene nanoparticles were successfully internalized into the cells resulting in increased intracellular temperatures when exposed to NIR laser. Interestingly, dynamic culture alone did not result in a significant increase in uptake suggesting the need for surface modifications for enhanced cellular uptake under shear stress.
Highlights
Cancer is a lethal widespread disease with no definitive treatment
Diffraction peaks from 2θ 35° to 45° were lost in MXene X-Ray diffraction (XRD) which indicates delamination and loss of stacking
MXene 2D material was prepared for potential use in photothermal therapy in cancer
Summary
Cancer is a lethal widespread disease with no definitive treatment. Researchers have been working on cancer therapy for decades, with some improvements, yet many limitations persist (Guimarães et al, 2013). Like breast cancer, are mostly removed by surgery combined with chemotherapy or radiation therapy (Nounou et al, 2015) These are the most applied treatments, they are limited by the incomplete removal of the tumor by surgery which may lead to tumor recurrence (Tohme et al, 2017). Chemotherapy and radiation therapy have many side effects such as damage to healthy tissue, hair loss, nausea, and bowel issues To overcome these limitations, nanomaterials were extensively studied as a targeted drug delivery method for cancer therapy (Hussain, 2018). Majority of photothermal studies on MXene for cancer treatment were conducted using cells in static culture These studies did not consider the tumor biophysical microenvironment that is associated with fluid flow and shear stresses, which are important factors influencing cell/nanoparticle interactions including internalization (Xie, 2019; Shurbaji et al, 2020a). Previous studies showed that fluid flow enhances material uptake compared to the static culture which may improve the therapeutic approach (Kang and Park, 2016)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
