Abstract
The surface structure of polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride flat sheet membranes used in membrane distillation were studied by tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM). The membranes are porous and hydrophobic. The mean pore size, nodule size, pore size distribution, pore density, surface porosity and roughness parameters were determined by TM-AFM analysis. The obtained pore sizes of the membranes were fitted to the log-normal probability distribution function. The characteristics of the same membranes obtained by other techniques were compared to those obtained in this study by means of TM-AFM.
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