Characterization of lipase producing Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 10787 from soil sample at Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

BackgroundLipases are hydrolases, an important group of biotechnologically relevant enzyme, which find immense application in industries like food, diary, pharmaceutical application. Commercial lipases are mostly produced from microbes in diverse habitats such as soil contaminated with oil, dairies, industrial wastes, oil seeds, decaying foods. Extensive studies on microbes have been made for their potential production of lipases. Of these important are: Achromobacter, Alcaligenes, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Chromobacterium, Pseudomonas including yeast and few endophytic fungi. Since, bacterial lipases are extracellular, unique in nature, it is essential to study the growth by varying the temperature, pH as well varying substrates such as carbon, nitrogen, lipid, solvent. Therefore, screening for an isolate having lipolytic activity was initiated toward the discovery of novel strain. ObjectivesTo screen, isolate, identify lipase producing organism from soil sample and optimizing growth conditions for the production of lipase under controlled nutrient supplementation. MethodologyMorphological, biochemical features was studied and final confirmation was done by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and assessed for lipase production by altering the concentration of substrates. Results16S rRNA gene sequencing confirms the organism as Staphylococcus aureus with G + C content of 51%, and submitted in GenBank under the accession number HQ658162. The sequence had 96% identity to Staphylococcus simiae. Lipase production of 17.8U, 10.9U, 14.8U was observed at 48 h, pH 7.5, 45 °C respectively. S. aureus preferred short chain fatty acid like butter fat as carbon and tryptone as nitrogen source for growth. Likewise, Triton X100 with 8.78U and Hexane with 12.03U, divalent cation like calcium stimulated lipase production. ConclusionMicrobial diversity is a major resource for biotechnological products and processes. Cost of lipase is a major component in operating enzyme catalyzed reaction. From economic perspective, lipase production by fermentation will be an advantage for large scale application. To conclude, lipase production is effected in a growth dependant fashion.