Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is an important grain legume globally, providing a high-quality plant protein source largely produced and consumed in South and East Asia. This study aimed to characterize a mungbean diversity panel consisting of 466 cultivated accessions and demonstrate its utility by conducting a pilot genome-wide association study of seed coat color. In addition 16 wild accessions were genotyped for comparison and in total over 22,000 polymorphic genome-wide SNPs were identified and used to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, linkage disequilibrium (LD) of mungbean. Polymorphism was lower in the cultivated accessions in comparison to the wild accessions, with average polymorphism information content values 0.174, versus 0.305 in wild mungbean. LD decayed in ∼100 kb in cultivated lines, a distance higher than the linkage decay of ∼60 kb estimated in wild mungbean. Four distinct subgroups were identified within the cultivated lines, which broadly corresponded to geographic origin and seed characteristics. In a pilot genome-wide association mapping study of seed coat color, five genomic regions associated were identified, two of which were close to seed coat color genes in other species. This mungbean diversity panel constitutes a valuable resource for genetic dissection of important agronomical traits to accelerate mungbean breeding.
Highlights
The squared correlations of allele frequencies r2 of the cultivated mungbean population decreased to half of its maximum value at approximately 100 kb physical distance compared to the wild mungbean population which had largely decayed by 60 kb (Figure 2)
We investigated the application of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers to analyze the genetic diversity of a large, diverse mungbean germplasm panel
The markers generated from this germplasm panel provide a new resource to conduct high-resolution analysis of genetic diversity, population structure, linkage disequilibrium (LD) and the Genetic Diversity of Cultivated Mungbean
Summary
Radiata] is a grain legume originating from South Asia. It belongs to subgenus Ceratotropis of the Fabaceae family which comprises 23 species including the closely related wild mungbean [Vigna radiata var. As a summer legume species with a short growth duration (55–70 days from sowing to maturity) and the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, mungbean delivers economic, farming systems, and environmental benefits. The crop is vital to smallholder farmers in Asia with an annual production of 3.5–4.0 million tons where it represents an excellent cheap source of carbohydrates, high quality protein (dry seeds 27% protein), folate and iron (Day, 2013). Over the last three decades, the global
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