Abstract
Catalysts are of great importance in catalytic processes. Key features of oil hydrotreating catalysts are highlighted. These catalysts play a significant role in removing impurities, as sulfur and other hetero-atoms existing in these oil fractions. These catalysts are composed of mainly, molybdenum salts spread in the porous structure of the carrier, mainly γ-Alumina (γ-Al2O3). Other metal salts supporting the action of the catalytic activity of Molybdenum, as Cobalt, Nickel, are added. The first step in the process of catalyst production is the drying of the wet salts mixture to remove moisture. The oxidic precursor is produced by the calcination of the dried mixture. The choice of the appropriate catalyst is based on its ability to maintain a high level of activity for long periods before re-activation. This ability depends on the chemical composition and on the porous structure of the carrier, which ensures the appropriate properties such as the density of active centers, particle strength, and porous structure parameters. Also, the catalyst resistance to chemical poisons destroying active centers in particular, is considered as a limiting factor in selecting the catalyst.
Highlights
The hydrotreatment of oil fractions is accomplished by the catalytic reaction of hydrogen with hetero-atoms present in petroleum fractions
Al-Mergen testing different HDS catalysts prepared by different methods arrived to the conclusion that applying the organic matrix combustion (OMXC) methods lead to catalysts which are more active up to approximately 60% as compared with the corresponding catalysts prepared by mechanical and conventional impregnation methods [14]
Coulier et al, [21, 22], found out that HDS catalytic activity of promoted catalysts are higher than that for un promoted catalysts, while the hydrogenation selectivity is lower for the promoted catalysts compared with that for the un promoted samples
Summary
The hydrotreatment of oil fractions is accomplished by the catalytic reaction of hydrogen with hetero-atoms present in petroleum fractions. Merida et al [4] described the method of preparation and the surface properties of fluorinated aluminaa-zirconium phosphate materials, as well as their use as supports for preparing Ni-Mo catalysts These catalysts proved to be highly active for the hydrogenation reactions [5]. The preparation procedure and the conditions applied during the calcination have an important role on the determination of the final porous structure and on the nature of the different chemical species present. These processes have a direct and significant impact on the behavior of the final catalyst.
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