Characterization of fluoride glasses for single-mode optical fibers with large refractive index difference

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Abstract In order to obtain fluoride glass optical fibers with large refractive index difference between the core and the cladding, refractive indices and viscosities of PbF2-doped core glasses and HfF4-incorporated cladding glasses were systematically investigated. From the point of view of viscosity matching, it was found that the 9 mol% PbF2-doped core glass containing 14 mol% NaF was the most adequate choice in combination with the 43 mol% HfF4-incorporated cladding glass containing 22 mol% NaF. Using a casting method, single-mode fluoride glass fibers with relative refractive index difference of 2.9% were successfully fabricated.