Abstract
The mode-dependent signal delay and average power methods are inexpensive direct-detection techniques that can be utilized to characterize the modal dispersion and the mode-dependent loss of multimode and multicore optical fibers. In this paper, we study by simulation the impact of receiver noise, device imperfections, and implementation penalties on the accuracy of these methods in the case of few-mode fibers. We show that there is a set of optimal launch modes that can minimize errors in the estimation of modal dispersion and mode-dependent loss.
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