Characterization of Coffee Production and the Level of Income of the Farmer in the Amazonas Region

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this research was to characterize coffee production and its impact on the income of farmers in the Amazonas Region.
 
 heoretical framework: Recent literature has identified that coffee production is an agriculturally significant activity in the local economy, being the main generator of employment and family income. This activity is influenced by various factors, such as soil quality and climate change (Arzubi, 2003). However, there are still many factors that require further research regarding coffee production, in order to increase both crop productivity and the incomes of the families involved.
 
 Design/methodology/approach: We analyzed the profile of international research on the characterization of coffee production from 2018 to 2022. The subject and authors found in journals indexed in Scielo, Scopus were identified. The research was basic with a quantitative approach and a non-experimental design of a descriptive cross-sectional type, with a sample of 126 farmers, it was carried out through the survey as an information collection instrument.
 
 Findings: The volume of research on the characterization of coffee production and its impact on farmers' incomes has increased in recent years. However, it has been identified that only a few authors and journals have contributed to this specific topic. In the survey sample, it was found that 71% of the respondents are male producers, and 32% fall within the age range of 38 to 47 years. Furthermore, 32% of the farmers have two hectares of cultivation, with an average production of 30.6 quintals. 75% of the farmers sold their coffee to traders or intermediaries at a price of S/. 867 per quintal. Regarding associativity, it was found that 39% of the producers have an associativity degree between 0.78 and 0.88. On the other hand, 92% of the farmers use technology below 0.5, indicating a high level of associativity but low technology employed in the production process.
 
 Research, Practical & Social implications: It is suggested to conduct more in-depth research on the level of technology and associativity among farmers in the Amazon region. This is because, despite having a high degree of associativity and low technology employed, it does not necessarily reflect in the producers incomes.
 
 Originality/value: The information provided is original. The findings do not indicate any shortcomings in coffee agricultural activity, as it remains one of the primary activities in generating employment and income for many families.