Abstract
We studied the phosphorus (P) pollution, as described by concentrations, distribution and transformation potential, of sediments of the water scarce and heavily polluted Fuyang River, a tributary of the Haihe River, using P fractionation and phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (P-31-NMR). In terms of their contribution to total P, the rank order of the P fractions was as follows: H2SO4 P g NaOH-Pi g ResPgNaOH-PogKCI-P. Seven P compounds were detected by the P-31-NMR analysis. Orthophosphate (45.2-92.4%) and orthophosphate monoesters (6.6-45.7%) were the dominant forms. Smaller amounts of pyrophosphates (0.1-6.6%), deoxyribonucleic acid (0.3-3.9%), phosphonates (0-3.3%), phospholipids (0-2.7%) and polyphosphates (0-0.04%) were observed in the sediments. Results of P fractionation and P-31-NMR analysis showed that 35% of Pi was labile P, including KCl-P and NaOH-Pi (Fe-P and Al-P). Biogenic-P accounted for 24% of P in the sediments. Analysis of the relationships between P species and water quality indicated that the Po compounds would mineralize to form ortho-P and would be potentially bioavailable for recycling to surface water, supporting further growth of phytoplankton and leading to algal blooms. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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