Abstract
Stress measurement that provides early indication of stress status has become increasingly demanding in the field of Non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E). Bridging the correlation between micro magnetic properties and the applied tensile stress is the first conceptual step to come up with a new method of non-destructive testing. This study investigates the characterization of applied tensile stress with in-situ magnetic domain imaging and their dynamic behaviors by using magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy assisted with magneto-optical indicator film (MOIF). Threshold magnetic field (TMF) feature to reflect 180° domain wall (DW) characteristics behaviors in different grains is proposed for stress detection. It is verified that TMF is a threshold feature with better sensitivity and brings linear correlation for stress characterization in comparison to classical coercive field, remanent magnetization, hysteresis loss and permeability parameters. The results indicate that 180° DWs dynamic in the inner grain is highly correlated with stress. The DW dynamics of turn over (TO) tests for different grains is studied to illustrate the repeatability of TMF. Experimental tests of high permeability grain oriented (HGO) electrical steels under stress loading have been conducted to verify this study.
Highlights
Different electromagnetic non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) methods including integration of macro and micro magnetics have been applied for stress characterization [1,2,3,4,5]
The magneto-optical Faraday Effect is an interaction between polarized light and a transparent magneto-optical garnet film [26,27,28], which causes a rotation of the plane of polarization in correspondence with the magnetic field strength
This work was performed to study the effect of tensile stress on magnetic 180° domain wall (DW) dynamic behaviors in grain-oriented electrical steel without treatment based on magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) combining with magneto-optical indicator film (MOIF)
Summary
Different electromagnetic non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) methods including integration of macro and micro magnetics have been applied for stress characterization [1,2,3,4,5]. Magnetic hysteresis loop technique is one of the typical macroscopic NDT&E methods to characterize the stress in ferromagnetic test object [1,2,6]. The features extracted from magnetic hysteresis loops e.g. the coercive field, remanent magnetization and hysteresis loss have been conducted to characterize stress status of ferromagnetic object [6,8,9]. Dobmann [10] applied the 3MA methods to characterize the applied and residual stress of steel through multi-parameters of macroscopic magnetic detection signals. Classical magnetic properties (e.g. coercivity, remanent magnetization, hysteresis loss, permeability) from
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