Abstract
Graphene has been widely used as a lubricating additive to reduce the energy consumption of engines and improve fuel economy because of its unique crystal structure. Herein, graphene (GR) and fluorinated graphene (F-GR) nanoparticles were prepared by ball milling and liquid-phase exfoliation. The SEM/EDS, HRTEM, XPS, Raman spectrometer, X-ray spectrometer, FTIR were used to investigate the morphologies, surface groups, and crystal structure of two kinds of graphene materials. The influence of loads on the tribological properties of two kinds of particles was investigated in Poly Alpha Olefin (PAO6) using a UMT-2 reciprocating tribometer. Results showed that the crystal structure of GR is better than F-GR. F-GR can improve the lubrication performance of PAO6. For PAO6 containing 1 wt% F-GR at 10 N, the average friction coefficient and average wear rate decreased by 12.3% and 87% relative to pure PAO6, respectively. However, the high load resulted in an inconspicuous anti-wear and anti-friction effect. The influence of F-GR on the tribological behavior of PAO6 was more substantial than that of GR. The friction and wear mechanisms attributed to F-GR quickly entered the interface between the friction pairs. Friction-induced F-GR nanosheets mainly took the tribo-chemical reactions to participate in the lubrication film formation and helped achieve a low friction coefficient and wear rate.
Highlights
Lubricating oil additives have extreme anti-wear and anti-friction properties, which have been extensively explored by modern engine developers [1]
GR and fluorinated graphene (F-GR) were successfully prepared using graphite and fluorinated graphite as raw materials in order to develop an essential additive for developing high-performance lubrication oils and greases
The nitrogen peak was not detected on the surface of the disk lubricated with pure PAO6
Summary
Lubricating oil additives have extreme anti-wear and anti-friction properties, which have been extensively explored by modern engine developers [1]. Since its discovery in 2004, GR has been widely studied due to its unique physical properties and broad application prospects as an essential additive for developing high-performance lubrication oils and greases [8]. Graphene has been widely used as a lubricating additive to reduce the energy consumption of engines and improve fuel economy [9,10]. The oil with 0.05 wt% graphene exhibited the minimum friction coefficient, lowest specific wear rate, and slightest scratch. The addition of modified GR at 0.075 wt% can substantially and steadily reduce the friction coefficient of 350SN base oil and enhance the oil’s anti-friction
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