Abstract
Three-dimensional creep crack-tip constraints of axially cracked pipes and conventional test specimens have been characterized and analyzed by a load-independent creep constraint parameter R∗ proposed by authors. An average measure of constraint over the crack front is utilized to correlate the creep constraint between the 3-D axially cracked pipelines and test specimens. It was found that single-edge notched tension specimens provide a closely matched creep crack-tip constraint with axially cracked pipes. The investigation results provide a strong support for use of constraint-designed specimens in creep life assessment of pressurized pipes.
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