CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLINICAL COURSE OF NON-TRAUMATIC SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE IN ACUTE PHASE OF THE DISEASE

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical and statistical characteristics of the course of the disease, to assess the dynamics of the results according to the neurological scales, and to reveal the structure of complications in patients hospitalized for subarachnoid haemorrhage of non-traumatic aetiology. Materials and methods. 87 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage were examined, 38 of them (43.68%) had isolated subarachnoid haemorrhage, 14 (16.09%) had subarachnoid parenchymal, 29 (33.33%) had subarachnoid ventricular, and 6 (6.9%) had subarachnoid-parenchymal ventricular haemorrhage. The total number of mixed haemorrhages made up 56.32%. In the routine clinical examination the C.S. Ogilvy et B.S. Carter Scale and the GOSE Scale were additionally included. Results. The majority of patients, 33 patients (37.93%), had subarachnoid haemorrhage of a mild severity according to the classification of the World Federation of Neurosurgeons that corresponded to 15 scores by the Glasgow Coma Scale and the absence of motor and speech deficit. The second degree of the severity was diagnosed in 37 people (42.53%) that corresponded to 13-14 scores according to the Glasgow Coma Scale and no motor and speech deficit. The next small group of patients, 14 patients (16.09%), had the 3 degree of the severity, i.e. 13 - 14 scores according to the Glasgow Coma Scale and a certain degree of motor and / or speech deficiency. Two individuals (2.30%) were assessed as having the 4 degree that was 7–12 scores by the Glasgow Coma Scale and the presence / absence of motor and / or speech deficit. One patient (1.15%) belonged to the 5 category, whose condition was assessed as extremely severe, 3-6 scores by the Glasgow Coma Scale and the presence / absence of motor and / or speech deficit. 76 patients with the subarachnoid haemorrhage assessed as having from 0 to 2 scores had 78-80% likelihood of successful outcomes according to the generalizing classification scale for the assessment of the subarachnoid haemorrhage result forecast (CSU. Ogilvy ET B.S. Carter). 10 patients (11.49%) with 3 scores demonstrated a less successful outcome. One patient (1.15%) was found to have 25% risk of adverse outcome and a total of 4 scores. Conclusion. The following risk factors for the development of subarachnoid haemorrhage were identified: the presence in of subarachnoid haemorrhage among relatives in the family history; history of bad habits including smoking, alcohol abuse; history of hypertension, atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia; concomitant diseases, including coronary heart disease, peptic ulcer and diabetes mellitus.