Characteristics of symptomatic epilepsy and quality of care in children with neuronal heterotopia

Abstract

Objective: Study the features of epilepsy in children with heterotopia. Methods: There are 25 patients: 15 boys (60%) and 10 girls (40%). Results: In 24 patients (96%) identified a variety of changes in neurological status. Severe motor impairment with the formation of palsy, a violation of the innervation of the bulbar group cranial nerves – in twelve patients (48%). Muscular hypotonia – 8 patients (32%). Extrapyramidal symptoms lesion as hyperkinesis, ataxia – 6 patients (25%). In 96% of children were noted intellectual-mental disorders in varying degrees of severity. Simple focal seizures were observed in two boys (8%) and one girl (4%), complex focal seizures – in five boys (20%) and three girls (12%). Three boys (12%) and three girls (12%) had focal seizures with secondary generalization. Generalised seizures were observed in four boys (16%) and one girl (4%). Myoclonic-astatic – two girls (8%). Epileptic spasms – two girls (8%). Seizures are not fixed in three boys (12%) and one girl (4%). Three boys and three girls diagnosed focal epilepsy with secondary generalization (24%), including: multifocal – one boy and one girl (8%). The generalized form – in four boys and one girl (20%), epileptic encephalopathy – two girls (8%). Antiepileptic drugs used in the treatment of epilepsy in children with heterotopias in monotherapy and polytherapy. Valproate used in 19 patients (79.17%). Topiramate was used in six patients (25.0%). ACTH is also used in six patients (25.0%). Carboxamide derivatives, phenobarbital, levetiracetam and used to treat epilepsy equally – in five children (20.83%). Benzodiazepines – four patients (17.39%). Vigabatrin – four patients (17.39%). Lamotrigine – one patient (14.29%). Succinimido in therapy have not been applied. Conclusion: Epilepsy is one of the most acute medico-social problems of neurology, have a negative impact on all aspects of the patient's life.