Abstract
Objectives - to study the mortality indicators, their dynamics and structure, in the population of the Orenburg region in the period of 2011-2017. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the data from the territorial authority of statistics in the Orenburg region in the period from 2011 to 2017. The analytical, demographic and statistical methods were implemented for the study of the demographic indicators. Results. Cities and municipal settlements of the Orenburg region with high mortality indicators were included in the second and fourth clusters during the cluster analysis. The first and third clusters included cities and municipal settlements with an average mortality. The most favorable position has the Orenburg area with the lowest mortality rate in the region in 2017 - 8.4%. The dynamics of mortality rates among the male and female population tends to decrease, more pronounced dynamics is in men. Though, the male population is characterized by higher mortality rates in all age groups. The leading position among the causes of death is taken by diseases of the circulatory system (46.3% of the total mortality). The second position is occupied by tumors (17.2%), the third - by external causes (8.4%). Mortality from circulatory system diseases and from external causes has reduced. The dynamics of mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The rank of leading causes of death is not identical in the clusters: in the third and fourth clusters, the other causes occupy the second place in the structure of mortality, while tumors occupy the third. Conclusion. In the Orenburg region, the mortality rate is higher than overage in the Russian Federation by 0.9 per 1000 people. The study revealed significant territorial differences in the mortality rates. In general, the mortality among men in all age groups is higher than the mortality of women. The mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system plays the leading role in the structure of mortality, but has the tendency for decline. Until 2006, the mortality from external causes ranked the second place, now the second place is taken by death from tumors The mortality from external causes is decreasing; mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The obtained results could be used by local authorities in developing the program of public health protection and assessing its effectiveness.
Highlights
The dynamics of mortality rates among the male and female population tends to decrease, more pronounced dynamics is in men
The male population is characterized by higher mortality rates in all age groups
In the Orenburg region, the mortality rate is higher than overage in the Russian Federation by 0.9 per 1000 people
Summary
Цель – изучить показатели смертности, их динамику и структуру в Оренбургской области в 2011–2017 гг. При проведении кластерного анализа на территории Оренбургской области во второй и четвертый кластер были включены муниципальные образования с высоким уровнем смертности. Динамика показателей смертности среди мужского и женского населения имеет тенденцию к снижению, более выраженную среди мужчин. Для мужского населения характерны более высокие показатели смертности во всех возрастных группах. Смертность от болезней системы кровообращения и от внешних причин снижается. Последовательность ведущих причин смерти сохранена не во всех кластерах: в третьем и четвертом кластере прочие причины занимают второе место в структуре смертности, а новообразования – третье. В Оренбургской области смертность выше, чем в РФ, на 0,9 на 1000 населения. Смертность в Оренбургской области у мужчин во всех возрастных группах выше, чем смертность женщин. Характеристика показателя смертности в Оренбургской области в 2011–2017 гг. Objectives – to study the mortality indicators, their dynamics and structure, in the population of the Orenburg region in the period of 2011–2017
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