CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS OF THE ORAL LIQUID OF CHILDREN WITH DIFFUSIVE NON-TOXIC DAMAGE

Abstract

Introduction. Immunopathogenesis of inflammatory and dystrophic diseases of oral tissue sisrealized through cellular and humoral factors of specific and nonspecific resistance, the functioning of which is determined by the over all somatic state of the child's body.Aim of study. Study the features of local defense mechanisms of the oral cavity in the pathology of periodontal tissues and the odontogenic inflammatory processin children with diffuse non-toxic goiter.Materials and methods. 65 children with a diffuse non toxic goiter aged 12-15 years with different dental status were examined: healthy; patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis; patients with odontogen icinflammatory processes. Control group sconsisted of somatically healthy children with similar dental diseases of the same age. Local oral immunity was evaluated by determining the content of sIgA, IgA, IgG by simple radial diffusion in agar according to G. Manchini (1963) using monospecific standard antisera against the immunoglobulin classes studied, lysozymeactivityby G. Gorin (1971) in modification A. P. Levitskyand A.A. Zhiginoi (1974) and levels of IL-1β, IL-4 bythe method of enzyme immunoassay.Results. Immunological studies have shown that in children with diffuse nontoxic goiter, a decrease in lysozyme activity in the oral fluid is observed both in the studied dental pathology and in healthy oral tissues. The level of sIgA also decreases by about 20%. There is an increase in the IgG content and a tendency toward an increase in the IgA level, which indicates an increase in the local immunity of the oral cavity in children with diffuse non-toxic goiter. The content of IL-1β and IL-4 in these children varies more than in somatically healthy children.Conclusion. 1. In children with diffuse non toxic goiter, there is a violation of local oral defense mechanisms, which are characterized by a decrease in sIgA, an increase in IgA and IgG, a decrease in lysozyme activity and an imbalance in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. 2. An increase in the severity of dental pathology leads to an increase in the tension of local defense-compensatory reactions.