The Influence of Diffuse Nontoxic Goiter on the State of Protective Mechanisms of the Oral Cavity in Children.

Oksana Ivanivna Godovantes,Larisa Yaroslavivna Fedoniuk,Oleksii Serhiyovych Godovantes,Oleksandr Oleksandrovich Vitkovsky,Tetiana Stepanivna Kitsak,Natalia Mykhaylivna Chaikovska,Lyudmyla Vasylivna Kuzniak

doi:10.25122/jml-2020-0013

Oksana Ivanivna Godovantes, Larisa Yaroslavivna Fedoniuk + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2020-0013

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Abstract

Immunopathogenesis of inflammatory and dystrophic diseases of the tissues of the oral cavity is characterized by cellular and humoral factors of specific and nonspecific resistance, the functioning of which is determined by the overall somatic state.This study aimed to study the features of protective mechanisms of the oral cavity due to orthodontic pathology, pathology of periodontal tissues, and odontogenic inflammatory process in children with diffuse nontoxic goiter.Eighty children with diffuse nontoxic goiter aged 12-15 years with different dental status were examined. Evaluation of local immunity of the oral cavity was carried out by determining the content of sIgA, IgA, IgG, lysozyme activity, and levels of IL-1β, IL-4 by enzyme immunoassay.Immunological studies have shown that in children with diffuse nontoxic goiter, the activity of lysozyme in the oral fluid is decreased. The level of sIgА is also reduced by about 20%. Besides, there is an increase in the content of IgG and a growing trend in the level of IgА. The content of IL-1β and IL-4 in such children fluctuates more compared to somatically healthy children.In conclusion, a violation of the local protective mechanisms of the oral cavity is observed in children with diffuse nontoxic goiter. Also, the increase in the severity of dental pathology leads to increased tension of local protective and compensatory reactions.

Highlights

The local protective mechanisms of the oral cavity are known to play an essential role in the development of dental diseases [1-3]
Immunological studies have shown that in children with diffuse nontoxic goiter (DNG), there is a decrease in the activity of lysozyme in the oral fluid, both in the study of dental pathology and under the conditions of healthy oral tissues (Table 1)
The highest level of lysozyme in the oral fluid of children on the background of DNG is in the case of orthodontic pathology (30.27 ±1.84) u/l

Summary

Introduction

The local protective mechanisms of the oral cavity are known to play an essential role in the development of dental diseases [1-3]. They are sensitive markers of the general state of the child’s body, through which the pathological influence of somatic diseases on the hard and soft tissues of the dentition is often realized. The formation of a local protective barrier is based on the interaction of mucosal-secretory, phagocytic-cellular, humoral, and immunoregulatory systems [4-6]. The secretion of the salivary glands acts as a protective barrier, preventing bacteria from attaching to epithelial cells. It does wash away microorganisms and has a bactericidal activity due to the presence of biologically active substances in it. The humoral factors of natural protection include the mucolytic enzyme lysozyme

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