Characteristics of cytokine profile of wound fluid in breast cancer patients after mammoplasty with textured implants.

Abstract

e12589 Background: Breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer (BC) is an important rehabilitation stage. Breast prosthesis implantation is sometimes accompanied by different complications which can be influenced by the immune system status. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of the local cytokine profile in patients with breast cancer in the early postoperative period after reconstructive surgery with textured implants (TI). Methods: The study included 30 patients aged 32-68 years, mean age 42.9±1.98 years, with stage I-IIb BC (monocentric nodular BC, T1N0M0 - T2N1M0). All patients underwent skin-sparing mastectomy with level II axillary lymph node dissection and immediate implant reconstruction in 2017-2019. Levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA in wound fluid from the cavity with TI on days 1, 3-4 and 7 after the surgery. Results: Levels of IL-6 in wound fluid of patients with TI statistically significantly decreased by 43% (p=0.036) and 41% (p=0.039) on days 3-4 and 7 after the surgery, and IL-2 decreased by 27% (p=0.045) with its further increase by 44% (p=0.037) compared to day 1. A pronounced increase of the IFN-γ levels by 118% (p=0.018) and 158% (p=0.012) was registered respectively on days 3-4 and 7 after surgery. Conclusions: Reconstructive surgery with TI is followed by a local increase in levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ which may indicate increasing antitumor potential of the microenvironment. The revealed decrease in IL-6 levels after TI implantation indicates certain features of the inflammatory reaction development in the intervention site.