Abstract
Haizhou Bay is an open bay located in northern Jiangsu Province, China. This study analyzes the changes in the coastline, coastal development, and water quality of Haizhou Bay between 2006 and 2016. The box model method and numerical simulation are adopted to calculate the environmental capacities of Haizhou Bay in 2006 and 2016, analyze changes to environmental capacity features, and assess the influencing factors over this period. The scenario analysis method is used to discuss the influencing mechanism and degree of influence of factors (e.g., the water quality difference inside and outside the bay, and sea reclamation) on the environmental capacity and calculate the contribution of each influencing factor. The changes in terrain triggered by sea reclamation and water quality from 2006 to 2016 reduced the total environmental capacity of Haizhou Bay, with an influencing ratio of 0.198:0.802. In other words, poorer water quality inside the bay reduces the environmental capacity by a degree of 4.05 times that of sea reclamation. This study can offer guidance on related future research aiming to protect the marine environment of Haizhou Bay and control the total amount of pollutants discharged into the sea.
Highlights
A bay is an area of sea that extends into the land, creating a curved coastline
It can be inferred that the topographic change of Haizhou Bay deeper than
According to the data in the “Current Conditions and Assessment of Trends of Water Quality in the Offshore Water of Haizhou Bay” report published by the Marine
Summary
A bay is an area of sea that extends into the land, creating a curved coastline. As a transitional area between land and sea, bays are rich in resources such as marine life, ocean floor minerals, and marine oil or gas, and they are often used as ports for shipping and as tourist destinations because of their picturesque nature. Coastal development inevitably harms the marine environment; for example, sea reclamation shortens the coastline. This leads to many changes to the coastal terrain, the characteristics of tidal movement, and the migration behavior of pollutants [1]. In the development and processing of coastal ports, sanitary sewage, ballast water, and accidental oil spills from ships at sea can degrade the quality of the marine environment [3,4]. Land-sourced pollutants relating to upstream human activities flow into the sea through rivers, leading to grave threats to the marine environment of bays
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