Abstract
The application of a 3-D topology to cadasters is becoming increasingly important as 3-D cadasters continue to develop and cadastral data applications increase. This study discusses spatial topological relations related to 3-D cadasters, the geometric objects used in 3-D cadastral spatial modelling, and the characteristics of the spatial data. The characteristics of the topological relations for a 3-D cadaster are summarized, and a classification method is proposed. Research on the classification of topological spatial relations in 3-D cadasters provides guidance for the analysis and computation of the topological spatial relations, changing of cadastral parcels, and topological consistency in cadastral spatial data.
Highlights
Topological relation analysis for cadasters involves the application of traditional topological spatial analysis to cadastral spatial objects
Two inferences can be made: (a) Because isolated cadastral boundary objects do not exist within the parcels of a 3-D cadaster, the topological relations among the objects within a 3-D cadaster reflect the topological relations among the elements on the ownership boundaries; (b) Cadastral parcels are a complete division of the cadastral space; ownership of cadastral parcels does not overlap, and no gaps exist between neighboring parcels, which are standard requirements in cadastral management
Topological relations can be represented in two ways: an intersection model based on the point-set topology and the region connection calculus (RCC) model based on spatial calculation
Summary
Topological relation analysis for cadasters involves the application of traditional topological spatial analysis to cadastral spatial objects. Many studies have been conducted on topological relations for cadastral spatial objects using standard topological spatial analysis [6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Zhou et al extended the four-intersection model to a double four-intersection model that is applicable to 2-D cadastral topological relations This method can represent 31 topological spatial relations, both simple and complex [13]. Ye proposed a logic model for 2-D cadastral spatial objects based on the nine-intersection model by analyzing the boundary points and segments and the topological relations among parcels in a 2-D cadaster [16]. Based on the Boolean operation of cadaster objectives, Zhou et al investigated a computational method for topological relations of cadastral objects based on Voronoi zones and Euler numbers [17]. The topological relations are classified and grouped based on the dimensional characteristics of the 3-D cadastral data
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