Abstract
Kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch.) has long been known by the locals of West Papua as medicinal plant that improves fertility. The objectives of this research were to identify and determine the antioxidant activity of kebar grass crude extract through conventional method and to analyze for its antioxidant activity. Extraction method used was conventional method, performed by mixing dry kebar grass with water and boiled until the volume shrunk to 1/3 of initial volume. Analized parameters were crude extract yield, qualitative phytochemical, total phenol and antioxidant activity. Research result showed extract crude yield value of 18.32±0.01%. Qualitative phytochemical contents were dominated by flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. Total phenolic content (TPC) of crude extract was 147±1.24 mgGAE/gdw (0.688±0.01 mgGAE/gfw). Crude extract antioxidant parameter was measured as the value of inhibition, AEAC, TEAC, and IC50 where each value respectively was as followed 42.0±0.047%, 69.93±2.19 mgAE/gdw (8.30±0.26 mgAE/gfw), 65.70±1.54 mgTE/gdw (7.80±0.18 mgTE/gfw) and 0.129±0.003 mgdw (257.75±4.90 mg/L). The contribution of kebar grass TPC content to antioxidant activity is 47.38% (equal to ascorbic acid) and 44.51% (equal to trolox) which means that almost half of kebar grass crude extract’s phenolic compound act as antioxidant. The results of this research can show that the kebar grass has potential as a source of multiple antioxidants, which acts as an analogue of vitamin C and vitamin E. The antioxidant activity of the kebar grass extract can be the scientific basis for the use of kebar grass as a medicinal plant for infertility problems (curative) and as a functional food ingredient for antioxidant sources that prevent a decrease in reproductive performance (preventive).
Highlights
Prevention and treatment of various diseases can be performed by drugs from chemical medicine or from plants
From the three Total phenolic content (TPC) data, differences can be observed. The differences of this TPC value are thought to be due to the different type of sample, extraction method, and solvent used
Conventional extraction method of Kebar grass (KG) plant produced relatively high extract yield which is almost similar with maceration extraction method with ethanol 70% solvent
Summary
Prevention and treatment of various diseases can be performed by drugs from chemical medicine or from plants. One of the diseases that has been treated by medicinal plants is infertility (Mbemya et al, 2017). Plant ability to resolve infertility is assumed to be caused by the bioactive compound compositions which can influence folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis. These bioactive compounds have antioxidant characteristics and an ability to regulate several enzymes in steroidogenesis and as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging agent in ovary cells or able to regulate the production of hormones in ovary (Telefo et al, 2012). Bioactive compounds with effects on influencing reproduction are alkaloid, phenol, flavonoid, and phytosterol whose maximum contents are contained in plants (Adhikari et al, 2018). Vitamin E within a certain level is known to normalize epithelial cell of tubulus seminiferus and repair epithelial cell, contributing to an increase in testicle mass (Handayaningsih, 2010)
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