Abstract
Characteristic x-ray lines of heavy ions are used as threshold indicators for the number of plasma electrons with an energy higher than the orbital electron binding energy of the initial vacancy for the corresponding x-ray transition. For heavy ion plasmas the intensity ratio between x-ray lines of different series shows how the mean energy of the electron changes with the operating conditions of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source. With the combination of line intensity and bremsstrahlung measurements, information on the anisotropy of the electron energy distribution function is obtained. Characteristic and continuous radiation is recorded at the same time and with the same apparatus. Therefore, errors are extremely small.
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