Abstract
This chapter discusses changes in deviation arising from changes of magnetic latitude. Although the field, because of the ship's permanent magnetism, does not change at the compass position, the deviation it causes must change whenever there is a change in the value of the earth's horizontal force (H). The directive force at the compass must always be proportional to H, that is, maximum near the magnetic equator and nil at the magnetic poles. The deviation caused by permanent magnetism can be maximum at the magnetic poles and least near the equator. Deviation because of horizontal soft iron does not change with change of latitude. The magnetization of H.S.I and the directive force on the compass needles equally depend on H. As the directive force increases, the pull of the H.S.I increases, and vice versa.
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