Abstract
Bioactive peptides are short peptides that modulate the physiological states of humans thereby exerting a therapeutic effect. The demand for bioactive peptides has increased exponentially in recent years due to the development in terms of technologies in therapeutic peptide preparation. Many peptides with bioactive properties are obtained from different sources. Plants, animals, and microbes remain the largest source of bioactive peptides as they naturally contain several proteins in them. Bioactive peptides have been discovered through classical approaches and/or through bioinformatics approaches. A key challenge in developing bioactive peptides for therapeutic purposes is the difficulty in determining accurate structure–activity relationships and therapeutic effects. This chapter discusses briefly the sources, production methods, pharmacological activities, and the challenges related to bioactive peptide development.
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