Abstract
Abstract The magnetic field-induced temperature variation in a magnetic solid is known as “magnetocaloric effect” (MCE). A magnetic refrigerator can be envisioned using a magnetic solid, which heats up when magnetized and cools down when demagnetized. Such magnetic cooling has a potential to reduce global energy consumption and minimize the need of ozone-depleting greenhouse chemicals. There have been significant developments in the areas of magnetocaloric materials in recent times, which present an optimistic picture towards realization of both room-temperature refrigeration and hydrogen liquefaction. These developments mainly involve magnetic materials where a large MCE has been observed, which is associated with a first-order magnetostructural phase transition. This chapter provides a review of various magnetocaloric materials, which have mainly evolved during the last 20 years.
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