Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses modern ion selective electrodes and their applications with the emphasis directed toward the measurement of pH. In redox methods, an indicator electrode is used to sense the presence or change in concentration of the oxidized and reduced forms of a redox couple. It is convenient to dip an electrode pair into a solution of the substance to determine and obtain the sample's concentration from the observed potential. The problems with using metals are that in many cases, electrode response is slow, the Nernst equation is not followed, electron change is not well-defined, and the metal electrodes change potential because of alteration of the electrode surface. But there are many ions that do not participate in a half-cell that includes a metal. A typical example is the hydronium ion. An accurate measurement of it is important in a wide variety of scientific disciplines. The chapter also discusses the investigation of different ion selective electrodes that have proved to be very useful.
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