Chapter ten - Lipid Extraction From Fish Processing Residues for Sustainable Biofuel Production

Abstract

Fish processing industries generate many fish by-products that could be an essential source of energy, food, or industrial feedstock. Additionally, fish oil is a natural source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid considered in nutritional supplements. The ability to extract, refine, and commercialize fish oils faces a challenge in processing facilities where infrastructure is limited and plants are located remotely. Under these conditions, extraction of oil from fish by-product for use as an in-house or regional fuel may be both economically and environmentally be a more sustainable approach. This work pronounces the different processes to extract and refine fish oil for fuel. Unlike food crops the extraction of oil from fish residue does not negatively impact food production. This chapter delivers the developments made in fish oil extraction methodologies, including physical, chemical, and biological processes for biofuel production—also, the different ways to transform the fish oils into biodiesel. The characteristic properties of biodiesel have been described concerning international standards. Prospects and industrial development have a significant impact on a sustainable environment.