Abstract
This chapter discusses cyclic strain and fatigue strength. It discusses the basic processes of fatigue by first simplifying experimental conditions and then introducing complications one by one later. The condition of ductility implies that the metal experiences plastic as well as elastic strain in each cycle and, therefore, a to and fro movement of mobile dislocations. This to and fro movement gives rise to mechanical properties and microstructural changes that most distinguish cyclic from unidirection strain. The chapter also focuses on distinctive mechanical properties and distinctive microstructural changes. Material scientists have found it easier to restrict unidirectional dislocation movement under static stress than cyclic movement under fatigue stress. Such improvement of fatigue strength that has accompanied unidirectional or static strength has occurred mainly in pseudo-elastic fatigue and there in the materials classed as high-strength steels.
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