Abstract
The survey of the similarities between M and Sa has provided confirmation for understanding the differences between cols. 1 and 2 of M as reflecting the two stages in the eschatological war. By reading Sa in light of these two stages, and relating it to cols. 29(14) of M, rather than to the entire document, one removes the alleged contradictions between them in their portrayal of who constituted Israel, both during the historical period of the sect as well as during the anticipated eschaton. Only after the War against the Kittim will the leadership take on its correct form, returning the priests and Levites to their proper roles, and allowing Israel to become once again the congregation it once was.Keywords: anticipated eschaton; eschatological war; Israels leadership; rule of the congregation; War against the Kittim; War of the Divisions; War Scroll
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