Abstract
Gasification and pyrolysis are currently expensive waste management practices due to the high capital costs of these facilities. In the short term the economics of waste thermal conversion can be improved through the implementation of policies similar to Europe’s Landfill Directive. Meanwhile, improved synergy between waste collection and conversion technologies employed at modular scale could make waste gasification and pyrolysis more cost competitive with landfilling in the long term. This chapter presents cost breakdowns of operational waste gasification and pyrolysis facilities and compares them to waste-to-energy (WTE) and landfilling. The economics of energy recovery is put into the context of the waste management hierarchy through a comparison of the typical costs associated with recycling, composting, WTE, and landfilling.
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