Abstract
There is a wide range of materials, which exhibit unusual in-use properties gained by control of phenomena occurring in meso-, micro-, and nanoscales during manufacturing. Spectacular examples of such materials range from constructional steels (e.g., advanced high strength steels for automotive industry [224]) to a new biocompatible materials for ventricular assist devices [234] or porous materials for orthopedic implants used for replacing diseased joints [337]. The former allows to decrease the transport costs per passenger, based on fuel consumption, and to improve safety of passengers. The latter exhibits excellent fatigue strength and an improved microporosity distribution that facilitates growth of bone tissue and, at the same time, triggers self-healing mechanisms in the event of cracking. Due to potential advances in materials science that could dramatically affect the most innovative technologies, further development in this field is expected. For this to happen, materials science has to be endowed with new tools and methodologies.
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