Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is a transmembrane protein that is responsible for the reuptake of dopamine (DA) from the synaptic cleft and for the termination of dopaminergic transmission. The DAT is a target of several drugs, including psychostimulants, such as amphetamine and cocaine, and is also subject to short- and long-term regulation by several drugs and mechanisms. Several DAT radioligands have been developed for imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). DAT imaging has been used for several research and clinical studies in central nervous system (CNS) disorders characterized by the involvement of the DA system. This chapter will summarize the different aspects of DAT including the structure, its function, the mechanisms of regulation, and its pharmacological profile, and will discuss the main SPECT and PET radioligands and the main applications of DAT imaging in CNS research and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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