Abstract
The oil and gas producing industries have released oil spills and waste gases into the marine environment, thereby leading to marine pollution. Research into the proper and dynamic solutions to address this problem to clean up oil spills is still a difficult task. Various technologies like adsorption, absorption and bioremediation have been developed. But the efficiency of each method relies on its own factors like oil-removing capacity, ease of use and cost effectiveness. These methods have shown that they can survive the oceanic currents and other prevailing environmental conditions without themselves becoming a source of secondary pollution. This chapter focuses on some of the technologies that have been developed over past centuries that are used in clearing oil spills from marine water. Some of the factors are structural features, mode of removal, effect of weathering on oil removal capacity, buoyancy, hydrophobic property and surface tension. Materials like natural waste, agro waste, microbes and polymers that can be fabricated into oil sorption devices like floating foams, sponges, membranes have been developed recently to clear this ecological issue. This chapter incorporated some of the innovative technologies with precise discussion with respect to clearing oil spills from marine life.
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