Abstract
This chapter looks at connecting marine data to society, with a focus on key developments in Europe, set in a global context. It presents the European Marine Observation and Data Network-EMODnet as an exemplar in marine domain. EMODnet has significantly advanced European capability for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable marine knowledge, offering access to standardized and harmonized in-situ marine data and added value data products across seven marine environmental themes. Open and free data, products and associated metadata, are available for discovery and access through a wide range of web/data services. These ensure that the wealth of existing ocean observations and marine data collected in Europe and beyond can be easily discovered and used by a growing, and diversifying, user community. Interoperability with key services is crucial toward a pan-European and global approach. Key partnerships include the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service and international initiatives, e.g., the International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange. Looking at societal tools and applications, the chapter provides a case study of the European Atlas of the Seas, a web-mapping tool that communicates marine and other open-source data and information in an attractive and interactive way. The EU Atlas is a key tool for the European ocean literacy initiative EU4Ocean, contributing to engage citizens and drive the societal change that is required for Europe to meet the ambitious targets to be climate neutral by 2050. The paper introduces examples of emerging tools for data visualization and presents hackathons, a powerful method to cocreate and innovate applications for society. Finally, the chapter looks toward the digital era and addresses the emerging challenges and opportunities of marine data, e.g., big data and plans for a digital twin of the Ocean, as tools to enable a step-change in societal connection, understanding, and action regarding the ocean.
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