Abstract
Many aspects of primate anatomy are associated with aspects of behavior or ecology. These associations can be used to reconstruct the behavior and ecology of fossil species known only from bones and teeth. Body size is correlated with many aspects of ecology and behavior, including diet, locomotion, and life history. Other anatomical features associated with dietary differences include feature of dental anatomy, and the proportions of the digestive system. Primates show several distinct types of locomotion, including arboreal quadrupedalism, terrestrial quadrupedalism, leaping, suspension, and bipedalism. Each of these is associated with details of the structure on the limbs and trunk. Differences in primate social behavior are associated with dimorphism of the canine teeth and body mass as well as features of the reproductive system.
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