Abstract

With great specific surface area, high adsorption capacity, low cost, and strong stability, biochar has been widely applied to remediate polluted environments. This chapter focuses on recent applications of biochar for remediation of contaminated systems including soils, wastewater, and groundwater. Biochar produced from various biomasses under different conditions (ie, temperature, time) is discussed briefly. The literature on remediation of heavy metals is surveyed and reviewed, including a comparison of adsorption capacities for heavy metals by different biochars. The application of biochar in remediation of organic pollutants including synthetic dyes, antibiotics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and organic pesticides is also summarized. The application of biochar to groundwater systems with heavy metals, organic pollutants, and other pollutants such as ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, fluoride, and engineered nanoparticles is also discussed. The chapter ends with proposals for future research in this area.

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