Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter details the quantities that are obtained by summing the values of variable quantities. The rules for summing the values of a quantity differ from those for summing unit less numbers. The only certain procedure is weighted summation, together with biological or physical reasoning to determine whether there has been a change in scale. Summation across values of a scaled quantity occurs either by juxtaposing or by superposing. Juxtaposing the values of a quantity changes the scale by extending the range. An example is summing the density of seeds across a sequence of adjacent plots to obtain density over all plots. Superposing values leaves the scale unchanged. An example is repeatedly adding handfuls of seeds to a plot of ground.
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