Abstract
Owing to the inimitable properties of the 1D carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and 2D carbon nanosheets (CNSs), especially the nanoscale size and functionalized structures, CNFs and CNSs showed excellent application in electrochemistry, adsorption, electrochemical sensing, and energy storage. This review covers an opening introduction of CNFs and CNSs and pointed out the key points of fabrication methods of CNFs and CNSs, especially about the electrospun CNFs and biomass CNSs. In addition, the functional tailoring of CNFs and CNSs was detailed by constructing pores, doping heteroatoms (N, S, P), graphitizing and combining with metal/alloy, polymers, carbon nanomaterials, biomolecules, and so on. At the end, we summarized some of the most significant achievements attained by CNFs and CNSs and their nanocomposites, meanwhile addressing the future challenges in this area.
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