Abstract

The fact that turbine engines are running at much higher temperatures and compression ratios drives the need to use fuel, prior to combustion, as a heat removal source confirms the need for a clear understanding of fuel thermal stability. As new alternative jet fuels are introduced into the commercial market, it is imperative that fuel thermal stability is well known and understood. All fuels contain numerous compounds and additives that have an effect on fuel thermal stability. It is important to review fuel composition and the reactions that occur when exposed to oxygen, when heated, and also when blended with other fuels. Currently, the issue of thermal stability in fossil jet fuels and alternative jet fuels is a barrier to having blends of greater than 50% for commercial use. Different pathways and schemes to carbonaceous deposition are discussed along with results of current laboratory testing and historical research. Methods of testing and analysis of the thermal stability of different fuels and blends are also presented in this chapter. The goal carbon net-zero fuels can be accomplished with increased research and attention to these topics.

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