Chapter 8 - The materials of waste electrical and electronic equipment

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the materials found in, and the composition of, waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). This is discussed in the context of historical, current, and future WEEE, taking into account the impact new technologies have on material composition. The materials composition of WEEE is also reviewed from the perspective of the available recycling and recovery technologies used by recyclers. The recent technology changes regarding the move to LED lighting are highlighted as a specific example of changing materials requirements and how they have an impact on recovery and reuse. The potential loss of valuable materials and elements in the context of the growing list of endangered elements and the need to ensure the supply of such materials is also presented, as this continues to be a key strategic issue. Examples of novel approaches to materials recovery using ionic liquids are used to highlight the importance of new technologies in enhancing materials recovery rates from WEEE. There then follows a section that discusses some of the new materials that are beginning to find use in electrical and electronic applications and that will have an impact on the composition of WEEE in the future, e.g., nanomaterials and organic/printed electronics. The chapter concludes with sources of further information.