Abstract

This chapter describes the formation of deposits in oil-fired systems. All hydrocarbon fuels can, depending upon the operating conditions, form small amounts of carbonaceous deposits or soots. In addition, the residual fuels contain inorganic material which can form deposits in the cooler regions in combustion chambers, for example, on boiler tubes, economizers in boilers and on injectors, valves or pistons in diesel engines, and on turbine blades in gas turbines. The chapter highlights the mechanism of the formation of inorganic deposits. Solid ash particles can only adhere to a solid surface, such as a boiler tube or turbine blade, under the influence of surface tension-forces and the presence of a liquid is necessary to provide a sufficient angle of contact that is it wets both the particle and the surface. The mechanism of deposition parallels that of oil in that sodium or potassium sulphates and pyrosulphates is the molten species that induce deposition.

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