Abstract
Biocompatibility, in a tissue engineering sense, may be defined as the integration of an implanted biomaterial, into (and/or interaction with) the host tissues, in order to facilitate tissue regeneration, without provoking an adverse local, or systemic, host response (Williams, 2008). The interplay between implanted biomaterials and the host immune system (i.e., the effect of the host immune system on the implanted biomaterial and vice versa) is one of the most important determinants of the implanted material’s biocompatibility and forms the basis of the work described in this chapter. The overriding aims within this field are twofold, first, suppression of the adaptive immune response in order to prevent immune rejection and second, redirection of the host immune response toward a constructive and favorable phenotype.
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