Chapter 8 - Postprinting evolution of 3D-bioprinted tissue constructs

Abstract

A bioprinted system is inherently dynamic because cells tend to relocate due to morphogenetic mechanisms that also act in a developing embryo. Hence, the outcome of 3D bioprinting usually differs from the fresh printout. To predict it, computer simulations have been conducted based on principles of developmental biology. This chapter gives a brief overview of computational models specifically designed to address problems encountered in 3D bioprinting. Monte Carlo models, particle dynamics models, phase field models, and lattice Boltzmann models are discussed in sufficient detail to enable the reader to understand the original papers, and, eventually, develop her/his own simulations. Strengths and limitations of each model are analyzed, and examples are given to incite readers to dive deeply in the literature and create novel methods. Finally, the outlook of this field is discussed along with its potential role in 4D bioprinting.